Tren Penerapan Media Pemrograman Visual Berbasis Scratch dalam Meningkatkan Computational Thinking pada Pembelajaran IPA: Analisis Bibliometrik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v6i2.4357Keywords:
Computational Thinking, Pembelajaran IPA, Pemrograman visual, ScratchAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren publikasi ilmiah terkait Scratch, CT, dan pembelajaran IPA secara bibliometrik selama periode 2016–2026, sekaligus menelaah efektivitas Scratch dalam meningkatkan CT berdasarkan kajian empiris. Data diperoleh melalui penelusuran basis data Scopus menggunakan kata kunci "Scratch" AND "computational thinking" AND "science education", menghasilkan 208 rekaman awal yang disaring menjadi 80 dokumen final. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan VOSviewer melalui pendekatan co-occurrence analysis serta analisis deskriptif berbasis Scopus untuk mengidentifikasi distribusi publikasi berdasarkan tahun, bidang subjek, dan negara. Hasil bibliometrik menunjukkan tren publikasi fluktuatif dengan dua puncak tertinggi pada 2018 dan 2023 masing-masing sebanyak 12 dokumen. Amerika Serikat mendominasi kontribusi publikasi, diikuti Spanyol dan Yunani. Bidang Social Sciences (48,8%) dan Computer Science (31,1%) mendominasi distribusi subjek. Analisis co-occurrence mengungkap "computational thinking" dan "scratch" sebagai node sentral, sementara "science education" teridentifikasi sebagai kluster yang sedang tumbuh. Hasil review terhadap sepuluh studi empiris menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar penelitian melaporkan adanya peningkatan CT yang signifikan melalui penggunaan Scratch dalam berbagai konteks pembelajaran. Temuan ini mengindikasikan kesenjangan penelitian yang signifikan sekaligus peluang besar bagi pengembangan penelitian, khususnya di kawasan Asia Tenggara termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan studi empiris berbasis konteks lokal, penerapan desain longitudinal, perbandingan berbagai pendekatan pedagogis, serta eksplorasi dimensi afektif seperti motivasi, efikasi diri, dan beban kognitif peserta didik untuk mengoptimalkan integrasi Scratch dalam pembelajaran IPA.
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