Problem Solving Berbasis CTL terhadap Pemecahan Masalah dan Berpikir Komputasional Ditinjau Kecerdasan Logika Matematika Siswa SMP dalam Pembelajaran MIPA: SLR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53299/jagomipa.v6i3.4784Keywords:
problem solving, contextual teaching and learning, kecerdasan logika matematika, berpikir komputasional, MIPAAbstract
Pembelajaran MIPA SMP memerlukan model yang tidak hanya menguatkan pemahaman konsep, tetapi juga melatih siswa menggunakan penalaran logis dan prosedural untuk menyelesaikan masalah nyata. Urgensi kajian ini muncul karena penelitian tentang problem solving, Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL), kecerdasan logika matematika, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan berpikir komputasional masih banyak dibahas secara terpisah, padahal kelima aspek tersebut saling berkaitan dalam pembelajaran MIPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kecenderungan hasil penelitian tentang model problem solving berbasis CTL, kecerdasan logika matematika, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan berpikir komputasional siswa SMP dalam pembelajaran MIPA. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan adaptasi pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian artikel dilakukan melalui Google Scholar, ERIC, IEEE Xplore, DOAJ, Garuda, dan SINTA pada rentang publikasi 2016-2026. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel yang membahas pembelajaran MIPA atau informatika jenjang SMP/sederajat, memuat variabel problem solving, CTL, kecerdasan logika matematika, kemampuan pemecahan masalah, atau berpikir komputasional, serta tersedia dalam teks lengkap. Dari 650 dokumen awal, diperoleh 25 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria untuk dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa problem solving berbasis CTL berpotensi memperkuat keterkaitan konsep MIPA dengan situasi nyata, meningkatkan aktivitas bernalar, dan mendorong siswa menyusun strategi penyelesaian masalah secara sistematis. Kecerdasan logika matematika berperan sebagai faktor kognitif yang mendukung abstraksi, pengenalan pola, dekomposisi, dan berpikir algoritmik. Kajian ini merekomendasikan penelitian lanjutan berupa eksperimen, pengembangan perangkat ajar, dan meta-analisis untuk menguji efektivitas model problem solving berbasis CTL terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan berpikir komputasional berdasarkan kategori kecerdasan logika matematika siswa.
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